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Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

J B Schweitzer1, T K Cummins, C A Kant

  • 1Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. jschweit@mprc.umaryland.edu

The Medical Clinics of North America
|May 15, 2001
PubMed
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Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is common in children and adults. Diagnosis requires ruling out other conditions, and treatment includes medications and behavioral interventions.

Area of Science:

  • Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
  • Adult Psychiatry
  • Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Background:

  • Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a prevalent psychiatric condition in both pediatric and adult populations.
  • Accurate diagnosis necessitates differentiating ADHD symptoms from those of other psychiatric and medical conditions.
  • Comorbidities frequently occur in individuals with ADHD, demanding thorough clinical attention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline the diagnostic considerations for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD).
  • To review current pharmacologic and behavioral treatment strategies for ADHD.
  • To highlight areas for future research in ADHD management.

Main Methods:

  • Diagnostic evaluation involves psychiatric interviews, multi-informant rating scales, and psychologic testing.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Pharmacologic treatments include first-line stimulant agents and second-line TCAs and atypical antidepressants.
  • Behavioral interventions are utilized for symptom reduction and managing comorbidities, particularly in children.

    • Main Results:

    • ADHD diagnosis requires careful assessment to exclude mimicking conditions.
    • Stimulant medications are primary treatments, with TCAs and atypical antidepressants as alternatives.
    • Behavioral interventions can alleviate ADHD symptoms and address co-occurring conditions in pediatric patients.

    Conclusions:

    • Comprehensive evaluation is crucial for accurate ADHD diagnosis.
    • A combination of pharmacologic and behavioral approaches is often indicated for ADHD management.
    • Further research is essential to determine optimal psychosocial treatments for adult ADHD.