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Male depression and suicide.

J Wålinder1, W Rutzt

  • 1Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Molndal, Sweden. jan.walinder@beta.telenordia.se

International Clinical Psychopharmacology
|May 15, 2001
PubMed
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A new male depressive syndrome concept, characterized by low stress tolerance and acting-out behaviors, is proposed. This may aid in identifying and treating depression in males, distinct from female presentations.

Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Mental Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • General practitioner education on depressive illness reduced female suicides but not male suicides in the Gotland Study.
  • This disparity suggests a potentially distinct depressive syndrome in males.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose the concept of a male depressive syndrome.
  • To identify characteristics of this syndrome and support its existence with existing data.
  • To introduce a new scale for identifying depression in males.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of existing studies (Gotland Study, Amish Study).
  • Conceptualization of a male depressive syndrome based on observed differences.
  • Development of the Gotland Male Depression Scale.

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  • Preliminary data collection using the scale in alcohol-dependent patients.

    • Main Results:

    • The proposed male depressive syndrome includes low stress tolerance, acting-out behavior, low impulse control, substance abuse, and a hereditary predisposition.
    • This concept aligns with van Praag's model of stress-precipitated, anxiety-driven depression often seen in males.
    • Preliminary data from alcohol-dependent patients using the Gotland Male Depression Scale is presented.

    Conclusions:

    • A distinct male depressive syndrome may exist, differing from typical depressive illness presentations.
    • The Gotland Male Depression Scale offers a potential tool for identifying depression in males.
    • Further research is warranted to validate the male depressive syndrome and the scale's efficacy.