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Preparation and Use of HIV-1 Infected Primary CD4+ T-Cells as Target Cells in Natural Killer Cell Cytotoxic Assays
Published on: March 14, 2011
Relationship between antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity, plasma HIV type 1 RNA, and CD4+ lymphocyte count
D N Forthal1, G Landucci, B Keenan
1Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine College of Medicine, Orange, California 92868, USA. dnfortha@uci.edu
AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses
|May 15, 2001
Summary
Antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) plays a role in controlling HIV-1 infection by correlating with viral load and CD4+ cell counts. ADCC effector function and CD4+ cells are crucial for managing viremia.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Virology
- HIV Research
Background:
- Antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) is an immune mechanism involving antibodies and immune cells.
- The precise role of ADCC in controlling Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection requires further elucidation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the correlation between ADCC and key markers of HIV-1 infection, including viral load and CD4+ cell counts.
- To assess the impact of antiretroviral therapy on ADCC function and antibody levels.
- To explore the direct effect of ADCC on HIV-1 replication in CD4+ lymphocytes.
Main Methods:
- Comparison of ADCC activity with plasma RNA and CD4+ cell counts in HIV-1 patients.
- Utilized a (51)Cr release assay to measure ADCC effector cell function.
- Employed a novel assay to evaluate ADCC's effect on virus yield from infected CD4+ lymphocytes.
Main Results:
- In untreated patients, ADCC effector function inversely correlated with viral load and directly with CD4+ cell count.
- HIV-1-specific ADCC antibody levels showed a direct correlation with viral load in patients with high CD4+ counts.
- Therapy-induced increases in ADCC effector function strongly correlated with CD4+ cell count increases.
Conclusions:
- ADCC may contribute to the control of HIV-1 viremia.
- CD4+ lymphocytes appear to be involved in both ADCC effector and antibody functions.
- ADCC represents a potential therapeutic target for HIV-1 management.

