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Related Experiment Videos

Implicit/explicit memory versus analytic/nonanalytic processing: rethinking the mere exposure effect.

B W Whittlesea1, J R Price

  • 1Department of Psychology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada. bruce_whittlesea@sfu.ca

Memory & Cognition
|May 16, 2001
PubMed
Summary
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Rapid item presentation increases liking but not recognition, a phenomenon explained by distinct cognitive strategies for pleasantness and recognition. This challenges memory-based explanations of the mere exposure effect.

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Social Psychology

Background:

  • The mere exposure effect demonstrates increased liking for stimuli after repeated exposure.
  • This effect is often attributed to misattribution of processing fluency, a feeling of ease during recognition.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate why repeated exposure enhances liking without recognition.
  • To propose an alternative explanation for the liking-without-recognition phenomenon.

Main Methods:

  • Participants were exposed to items rapidly, followed by recognition and pleasantness judgments.
  • The study manipulated encoding opportunities and item similarity.

Main Results:

  • Rapid presentation led to increased liking but impaired recognition.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Participants showed a liking-without-recognition effect, particularly with perceptually similar items.

    • Conclusions:

    • The liking-without-recognition effect arises from employing an effective nonanalytic strategy for pleasantness judgments and an ineffective analytic strategy for recognition.
    • This suggests that explanations based on implicit versus explicit memory are not necessary to account for the mere exposure effect.