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Colonic screening and surveillance.

O Kronborg1

  • 1Department A, Odense University Hospital, Odense C, DK-5000, Denmark.

Best Practice & Research. Clinical Gastroenterology
|May 18, 2001
PubMed
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Colorectal cancer screening offers survival benefits but lacks global adoption. Evidence supports fecal occult blood tests and endoscopic methods, necessitating feasibility studies for widespread implementation.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Preventive Medicine

Background:

  • Colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence and mortality remain high globally, particularly in Europe, USA, Australia, and Japan.
  • Despite proven survival benefits for average-risk and some high-risk individuals, CRC screening has not achieved worldwide acceptance.
  • Primary prevention strategies, including dietary changes and pharmaceuticals, have shown limited success to date.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review various colorectal cancer screening methods for diverse risk populations.
  • To provide an overview of current prevention and intervention strategies for colorectal cancer.
  • To highlight the need for feasibility studies before large-scale screening implementation.

Main Methods:

  • Review of evidence-based studies on colorectal cancer screening, focusing on fecal occult blood tests and endoscopic procedures.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Evaluation of tumor markers for colorectal cancer screening, noting their lesser degree of assessment.
  • Discussion of feasibility studies required to validate randomized trial results in real-world populations.

    • Main Results:

    • Faecal occult blood tests and endoscopic methods are the most evidence-based screening approaches.
    • Tumor markers have been evaluated to a lesser degree compared to other screening modalities.
    • Randomized study results may not always translate directly to average- and high-risk populations, emphasizing the need for feasibility assessments.

    Conclusions:

    • Widespread adoption of colorectal cancer screening is hindered despite its proven efficacy.
    • Feasibility studies are crucial to ensure the successful implementation of screening programs in diverse populations.
    • Continued research into effective screening, prevention, and intervention strategies is essential to reduce colorectal cancer burden.