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Long-circulating and target-specific nanoparticles: theory to practice.

S M Moghimi1, A C Hunter, J C Murray

  • 1Molecular Targeting and Polymer Toxicology Group, School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton, United Kingdom. s.m.moghimi@brighton.ac.uk

Pharmacological Reviews
|May 18, 2001
PubMed
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Engineered nanoparticles, like liposomes and nanospheres, are designed to evade Kupffer cells for improved vascular drug delivery. This review examines natural strategies to create long-circulating carriers for targeted therapies.

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Nanotechnology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Kupffer cells rapidly recognize intravenously injected colloidal carriers, limiting their circulation time.
  • Development of "Kupffer cell-evading" or long-circulating particles is crucial for effective drug delivery and transfusion medicine.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To critically review rational design approaches for long-circulating particulate carriers.
  • To assess the biological performance of engineered carriers inspired by natural evasion mechanisms.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of surface mechanisms enabling long circulation of red blood cells and microbial evasion of macrophages.
  • Translation of these natural strategies to design various particulate carriers (nanospheres, liposomes, micelles, emulsions).

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Main Results:

  • Engineered carriers, including nanospheres and liposomes, demonstrate prolonged circulation and/or target specificity.
  • Design strategies effectively mimic natural systems for enhanced carrier longevity and targeted delivery.

Conclusions:

  • Nature-inspired design is a rational approach for engineering long-circulating drug delivery systems.
  • Understanding physiological barriers and disease states is vital for optimizing carrier targeting and performance.