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Root shock: the consequences of African American dispossession.

M T Fullilove1

  • 1New York State Psychiatric Institute, and Joseph L. Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, NY 10032, USA. mf29@columbia.edu

Journal of Urban Health : Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine
|May 23, 2001
PubMed
Summary

Urban renewal policies in the 20th century disproportionately harmed African American communities, causing lasting social and political damage. This federal policy led to displacement and a collapse of political action, impacting the well-being of Black Americans and American democracy.

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Area of Science:

  • Urban Studies
  • Sociology
  • Public Policy

Background:

  • Urban renewal was a significant federal policy in the latter half of the 20th century.
  • It aimed to clear
  • blight
  • and
  • slum
  • areas for redevelopment, often displacing existing residents.
  • These programs disproportionately affected African American communities, leading to the term
  • Urban renewal is Negro removal.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the impact of urban renewal policies on American cities.
  • To examine the short-term and long-term consequences for affected communities, particularly African Americans.
  • To assess the implications for African American well-being and American democracy.

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Main Methods:

  • Historical policy analysis.
  • Examination of socio-economic and political consequences.
  • Qualitative assessment of community impact.

Main Results:

  • Urban renewal led to the deurbanization of many American cities.
  • Short-term consequences included financial loss, social disorganization, and psychological trauma.
  • Long-term effects involved social paralysis, dispossession, and a collapse of political action within affected communities.

Conclusions:

  • Urban renewal had devastating and lasting impacts on African American communities.
  • The policy resulted in significant challenges to the well-being of Black Americans.
  • The study raises critical questions about the health of American democracy in light of such policies.