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Insulin resistance: cellular and clinical concepts.
1Department of Medicine, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington 05405, USA. wcefalu@zoo.uvm.edu
Experimental Biology and Medicine (Maywood, N.J.)
|May 23, 2001
Summary
Insulin resistance, a state of reduced biologic response to insulin, precedes Type 2 diabetes by years. It is linked to cardiovascular risk factors, potentially accelerating heart disease.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Metabolic Syndrome
- Cardiovascular Disease Research
Background:
- Insulin resistance is characterized by an attenuated biological response to normal or elevated insulin levels.
- Insulin-stimulated glucose disposal is the most studied response, but its cellular mechanisms remain unclear.
- Insulin resistance is detectable years before clinical hyperglycemia and Type 2 diabetes diagnosis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide an overview of insulin resistance.
- To discuss the clinical insulin resistant state.
- To highlight the association between insulin resistance and cardiovascular risk factors.
Main Methods:
- Literature review and synthesis of existing research on insulin resistance.
- Analysis of the clinical implications of insulin resistance.
- Examination of the link between insulin resistance and cardiovascular disease.
Main Results:
- Insulin resistance is a precursor to Type 2 diabetes.
- Early insulin resistance is associated with a cluster of cardiovascular risk factors.
- These risk factors predispose individuals to accelerated cardiovascular disease.
Conclusions:
- Insulin resistance is a critical early marker for metabolic dysfunction.
- Understanding insulin resistance is key to preventing Type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease.
- Early identification and management of insulin resistance are crucial for mitigating long-term health risks.