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Do some nerve cells release more than one transmitter?
1Department of Anatomy and Embryology, University College, London, WC1E 6BT.
Neuroscience
|August 1, 1976
Summary
Dale's Principle, suggesting one transmitter per nerve cell, is challenged. Research indicates some neurons may release multiple transmitters, especially during development or specific cycles.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Cell Biology
- Neurochemistry
Background:
- Dale's Principle posits that a single neuron releases only one type of neurotransmitter.
- Recent findings challenge this long-held tenet in neuroscience.
- Understanding neurotransmitter diversity is crucial for neural function.
Purpose of the Study:
- To re-examine Dale's Principle regarding single neurotransmitter release per neuron.
- To review experimental evidence suggesting neurons can store and release multiple transmitters.
- To discuss the implications of multiple neurotransmitter systems in neuronal communication.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing experimental data on neurotransmitter release.
- Analysis of developmental and evolutionary factors influencing neurotransmitter expression.
- Conceptual analysis of the definition and investigation of neurotransmitters.
Main Results:
- Evidence suggests some neurons synthesize, store, and release more than one transmitter.
- Developmental stages, evolutionary pressures, and hormonal cycles may influence transmitter multiplicity.
- A refined definition of 'transmitter' is proposed to encompass substances meeting specific criteria.
Conclusions:
- Dale's Principle may not universally apply, with some neurons employing multiple transmitters.
- The proposed broader definition of neurotransmitter aids in understanding neuronal signaling.
- Neuronal communication complexity is highlighted, with implications for neural plasticity and disorders.