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Related Experiment Videos

Nitric oxide measurements during endotoxemia.

V Brovkovych1, L W Dobrucki, S Brovkovych

  • 1Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA.

Clinical Chemistry
|May 26, 2001
PubMed
Summary

Excessive nitric oxide (NO) during endotoxemia is rapidly consumed by superoxide, lowering its effective concentration. Measuring total nitrate plus nitrite fails to capture these dynamic NO changes in pulmonary arteries.

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Area of Science:

  • Physiology
  • Biochemistry
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Excessive nitric oxide (NO) release from inducible NO synthase during pathological conditions like endotoxemia causes circulatory failure.
  • Superoxide release during endotoxemia accelerates NO decay, potentially reducing NO diffusion to target sites.
  • Understanding NO dynamics is crucial for managing conditions like septic shock.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To directly measure dynamic changes in diffusible and total NO concentrations in rat pulmonary arteries during endotoxemia.
  • To investigate the interplay between NO, superoxide, and peroxynitrite production.
  • To evaluate the utility of total nitrate plus nitrite as a marker for NO fluctuations.

Main Methods:

  • In vivo and ex vivo electrochemical measurements of NO.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Ex vivo in situ measurements of superoxide and peroxynitrite using chemiluminescence.
  • Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy for nitrite and nitrate quantification.
  • Lipopolysaccharide administration to induce endotoxemia in rats.

    • Main Results:

    • Diffusible NO initially increased, then decreased, and later rose due to inducible NO synthase activity.
    • Superoxide concentrations increased significantly throughout the endotoxemia period.
    • Total NO, measured as nitrite plus nitrate, showed a steady increase, unlike the fluctuating diffusible NO levels.

    Conclusions:

    • Direct NO measurements reveal dynamic concentration changes in the pulmonary artery during endotoxemia.
    • Superoxide production and subsequent peroxynitrite formation influence NO levels.
    • Total nitrate plus nitrite measurements do not accurately reflect transient NO fluctuations in endotoxemia.