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Elevated plasma endothelial microparticles in multiple sclerosis.

A Minagar1, W Jy, J J Jimenez

  • 1Department of Neurology, University of Miami, FL 33136, USA.

Neurology
|May 29, 2001
PubMed
Summary
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Endothelial dysfunction in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients is linked to elevated microparticle levels, particularly during exacerbations. MS plasma also induces endothelial cell dysfunction in vitro, suggesting plasma factors contribute to disease pathogenesis.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroimmunology
  • Vascular Biology
  • Biomarker Discovery

Background:

  • Endothelial cell dysfunction is implicated in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS).
  • Previous markers of blood-brain barrier damage in MS, like soluble adhesion molecules, have limitations.
  • Endothelial microparticles (EMPs) are released during endothelial activation/apoptosis and can serve as markers of endothelial damage.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess endothelial dysfunction in patients with MS.
  • To investigate if plasma from MS patients induces endothelial cell dysfunction in vitro.
  • To validate a novel flow cytometric assay for EMPs as markers of endothelial damage in MS.

Main Methods:

  • Developed and utilized a flow cytometric assay to quantify two classes of EMPs (CD31+ and CD51+) in platelet-poor plasma from 50 MS patients and 48 controls.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Assayed EMP levels in patients during MS exacerbation and remission.
  • Investigated the effect of MS patient plasma on microvascular endothelial cell (MVEC) cultures in vitro, measuring EMP release.

    • Main Results:

    • Patients with MS in exacerbation showed a 2.85-fold increase in CD31+ EMPs compared to controls, which normalized during remission, indicating CD31+ EMPs as markers of acute endothelial injury.
    • CD51+ EMPs remained elevated in both exacerbation and remission phases, suggesting they reflect chronic endothelial injury.
    • MS patient plasma significantly induced the release of both CD31+ and CD51+ EMPs from MVEC cultures in vitro.

    Conclusions:

    • Endothelial dysfunction, marked by the shedding of PECAM-1 (CD31)-expressing EMPs, is evident during MS exacerbations.
    • The in vitro findings suggest that plasma-derived factors contribute to endothelial dysfunction in MS.
    • CD31+ EMPs serve as a marker for acute endothelial injury, while CD51+ EMPs indicate chronic injury in MS.