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Polarographic behaviour of loratadine and its direct determination in pharmaceutical formulation and human plasma by

M M Ghoneim¹, M M Mabrouk, A M Hassanein

¹Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, 31527, Tanta, Egypt. mghoneim@cic.com.eg

Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis

|May 30, 2001

Summary

Loratadine, an antihistamine, is electro-active at mercury electrodes, enabling its detection. A new voltammetric method allows sensitive, direct determination of loratadine in formulations and plasma at nanomolar levels.

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Area of Science:

Electrochemistry
Analytical Chemistry
Pharmaceutical Analysis

Background:

Loratadine is a widely used antihistamine.
Previous studies had conflicting reports on its electrochemical activity.
Understanding its electrochemical behavior is crucial for developing analytical methods.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the polarographic behavior of loratadine.
To develop a sensitive method for loratadine determination.
To validate the method for pharmaceutical and biological samples.

Main Methods:

Polarography and differential pulse stripping voltammetry (DPSV) were employed.
Electrochemical behavior was studied in B.R. buffer solutions across various pH values.
Controlled adsorptive accumulation on a hanging mercury drop electrode was utilized.

Main Results:

Loratadine was found to be electro-active, contradicting prior literature.
A 2-electron irreversible wave was observed at pH >= 6, indicating pyridine ring saturation.
The DPSV method achieved nanomolar detection limits in pharmaceutical formulations and human plasma with high accuracy and precision.

Conclusions:

Loratadine exhibits electrochemical activity at mercury electrodes.
A sensitive and direct cathodic adsorptive stripping voltammetric method for loratadine has been successfully developed and validated.
The method is suitable for the quantitative analysis of loratadine in pharmaceutical products and biological matrices like human plasma.