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Related Experiment Videos

Origins of anthropoid intelligence.

B Masterton, L C Skeen, M J RoBards

    Brain, Behavior and Evolution
    |January 1, 1975
    PubMed
    Summary

    The study suggests the extrastriate visual system

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    Brain, behavior and evolution·1984

    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Comparative Anatomy
    • Evolutionary Biology

    Background:

    • The striate visual system is the primary visual cortex.
    • The extrastriate visual system processes visual information beyond the primary cortex.
    • Understanding the evolution of visual processing is key to understanding cognitive evolution.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the evolutionary development of the extrastriate visual system in relation to the striate system.
    • To explore the relationship between visual system development and cognitive abilities like abstraction.
    • To understand the evolutionary origins of visual abstraction in primates.

    Main Methods:

    • Measured volumes of the lateral posterior-pulvinar complex and lateral geniculate nucleus in six mammal species.
    • Assessed behavioral performance on spatial and visual reversal learning tasks.
    • Correlated morphological data with behavioral outcomes and phylogenetic relationships.

    Main Results:

    • The development of the extrastriate visual system, not the striate system, correlated with visual reversal learning ability.
    • Performance on visual reversal learning, a measure of abstraction, varied across species.
    • Morphological and behavioral variations aligned with phylogenetic proximity to Anthropoidea.

    Conclusions:

    • The evolution of the extrastriate visual system likely underpins the capacity for visual abstraction seen in primates.
    • Comparative analysis of visual systems and behavior offers insights into cognitive evolution.
    • The findings suggest a specific evolutionary trajectory for visual processing and abstraction in the primate lineage.

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