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Noninvasive paternity assignment in Gombe chimpanzees.

J L Constable1, M V Ashley, J Goodall

  • 1Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behaviour, University of Minnesota, Room 100 Ecology, 1987 Upper Buford Circle, St. Paul, MN 55108, ISA.

Molecular Ecology
|June 19, 2001
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Paternity analysis in Gombe chimpanzees reveals diverse male mating strategies and reproductive success across dominance ranks. While most avoided inbreeding, one high-ranking male sired an offspring with his mother.

Area of Science:

  • Primate Behavior
  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Conservation Genetics

Background:

  • Understanding chimpanzee reproductive strategies is crucial for assessing mating success and inbreeding avoidance.
  • Paternity determination is essential for analyzing the influence of male dominance rank on reproductive outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine probable paternities for 14 chimpanzees in Gombe National Park, Tanzania.
  • To investigate the relationship between male dominance rank and reproductive success.
  • To assess the effectiveness of inbreeding avoidance behaviors in chimpanzee communities.

Main Methods:

  • Noninvasive DNA sampling from shed hair and feces.
  • Microsatellite genotyping using 13-16 loci.
  • Likelihood-based paternity assignment.

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Main Results:

  • All 14 offspring were assigned fathers within the Gombe community.
  • A positive correlation exists between male rank and reproductive success.
  • Diverse mating strategies, including possessiveness, opportunistic mating, and consortships, result in paternity across all ranks.
  • Most females avoided close inbreeding, but one instance of incestuous mating occurred.
  • No evidence of extra-group paternity was found, contrary to some previous studies.

Conclusions:

  • Male chimpanzee reproductive success is influenced by dominance rank but also by varied mating strategies.
  • Inbreeding avoidance is generally effective, though exceptions can occur.
  • The findings contribute to understanding chimpanzee social dynamics and reproductive patterns in Gombe.