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Published on: October 3, 2019
A multicenter study of patch test reactions with dental screening series
L Kanerva1, T Rantanen, K Aalto-Korte
1Section of Dermatology, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland.
Summary
Dental screening series patch tests reveal common allergens like nickel and mercury. This study highlights the need for comprehensive testing to identify contact allergies to dental products.
Area of Science:
- Dermatology
- Allergology
- Occupational Health
Background:
- Dental products frequently contain allergens, posing risks to patients and dental professionals.
- Individual patch test clinics often lack sufficient patient numbers for reliable data on rare allergens.
Purpose of the Study:
- To gather multicenter data on dental allergens.
- To identify prevalent contact allergens in dental materials.
Main Methods:
- Over 4,000 patients underwent patch testing with dental screening series.
- Evaluated irritant and allergic reactions to various dental screening allergens.
- Calculated reaction index (RI) to assess substance irritancy.
Main Results:
- Nickel (14.6%), ammoniated mercury (13%), and mercury (10.3%) were the most frequent allergic reactions.
- Gold (7.7%), benzoic acid (4.3%), palladium (4.2%), and cobalt (4.1%) also showed significant allergic reactions.
- 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate caused 2.8% of (meth)acrylate-related reactions; menthol and peppermint oil showed no reactions.
Conclusions:
- Patch testing with dental screening series allergens is crucial for diagnosing contact allergies.
- Identifying allergens like (meth)acrylates and mercury is essential for managing dental product sensitivities.
- Multicenter data collection improves the reliability of dental allergen identification.
