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The relationship between surgical changes in dentofacial morphology and changes in maximum bite force.

G S Throckmorton1, E Ellis

  • 1University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.

Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery : Official Journal of the American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
|May 31, 2001
PubMed
Summary

Orthognathic surgery did not significantly increase maximum voluntary bite force based on skeletal changes. Other factors, not surgical modifications, influence bite force improvements after orthognathic surgery.

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Area of Science:

  • Orthodontics and Maxillofacial Surgery
  • Biomechanical Analysis
  • Craniofacial Morphology

Background:

  • Orthognathic surgery aims to correct skeletal and dental discrepancies.
  • Assessing the impact of surgical changes on functional outcomes like bite force is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if greater surgical changes in skeletal morphology correlate with increased maximum voluntary bite forces post-orthognathic surgery.
  • To investigate the relationship between postsurgical skeletal normalization and bite force enhancement.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 104 adult patients undergoing one of eight orthognathic surgical procedures.
  • Presurgical and postsurgical measurements from lateral cephalograms and maximum voluntary bite force assessments at eight tooth positions.

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Main Results:

  • Strong correlations between presurgical and postsurgical morphology and biomechanics variables indicate limited overall craniofacial change.
  • Maximum voluntary bite forces correlated primarily with jaw size, both pre- and post-surgery.
  • No correlation found between increased bite forces and surgically induced skeletal morphology changes.

Conclusions:

  • Factors beyond surgically altered skeletal morphology drive increases in maximum voluntary bite force after orthognathic surgery.
  • Jaw size appears to be a more significant determinant of bite force than surgical skeletal modifications.