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Related Experiment Videos

Hostility, gender, and cardiac autonomic control.

R P Sloan1, E Bagiella, P A Shapiro

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA. rps7@columbia.edu

Psychosomatic Medicine
|May 31, 2001
PubMed
Summary

Hostility is linked to reduced heart rate variability during mental stress, suggesting altered autonomic nervous system function may explain its connection to coronary artery disease (CAD). This impacts cardiac vagal modulation, particularly in men.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Psychophysiology
  • Autonomic Nervous System Research

Background:

  • Hostility is a known risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD), but the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood.
  • A psychophysiological model proposes that autonomic nervous system dysfunction mediates the link between psychological traits and CAD.
  • Stressors are known to reduce high-frequency (HF) heart period variability, an indicator of cardiac vagal modulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between hostility and cardiac autonomic function.
  • To test the hypothesis that hostility is inversely associated with reductions in HF power in response to psychological and orthostatic challenges.
  • To explore potential gender differences in the association between hostility and autonomic responses.

Main Methods:

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  • 96 subjects were screened for hostility using the Cook-Medley Hostility Scale.
  • 15 men and 15 women with a wide range of hostility scores participated in laboratory sessions.
  • Continuous electrocardiographic, blood pressure, and respiration monitoring were used during assessments of reactivity to mental and orthostatic stressors.

Main Results:

  • Hostility was inversely related to changes in heart period variability in response to mental stressors, as predicted.
  • No significant relationship was found between hostility and responses to orthostatic (tilt) challenges.
  • Preliminary data suggested a potential influence of gender on these observed relationships.

Conclusions:

  • Hostility significantly influences vagal modulation of the cardiovascular system.
  • Altered autonomic control, specifically reduced vagal modulation during stress, is a likely pathogenic mechanism linking hostility to CAD.
  • These findings support the psychophysiological model and highlight the importance of psychological factors in cardiovascular health.