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Inhibition of cyclooxygenase-1 or -2 on insulin sensitivity in healthy subjects

M González-Ortiz1, E Martínez-Abundis, B R Balcázar-Muñoz

  • 1Medical Research Unit in Clinical Epidemiology, West National Medical Center, Mexican Institute of Social Security, Guadalajara City. uiec@prodigy.net.mx

Hormone and Metabolic Research = Hormon- Und Stoffwechselforschung = Hormones Et Metabolisme
|June 1, 2001
PubMed

Insights

Selective COX-2 inhibition with celecoxib improved insulin sensitivity in healthy individuals. Acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) and placebo did not affect insulin sensitivity, suggesting a specific role for COX-2 inhibition.

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Metabolic Health
  • Clinical Trials

Background:

  • Cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes, specifically COX-1 and COX-2, play roles in various physiological processes.
  • Understanding the distinct effects of COX-1 and COX-2 inhibition on metabolic parameters like insulin sensitivity is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the individual effects of cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 and -2 inhibition on insulin sensitivity in healthy subjects.
  • To compare the impact of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) and celecoxib on metabolic profiles and insulin sensitivity.

Main Methods:

  • A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial involving 21 healthy, non-obese males.
  • Participants received daily oral doses of low-dose ASA (100 mg), celecoxib (200 mg), or placebo for 15 days.
  • Insulin sensitivity was assessed using an insulin tolerance test (ITT) and calculating the glucose disappearance rate (K ITT) before and after the intervention period.

Main Results:

  • Celecoxib administration significantly increased insulin sensitivity, as indicated by a higher K ITT compared to baseline (4.8 vs. 4.3%/min, p=0.04).
  • Neither low-dose acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) nor placebo significantly altered insulin sensitivity.
  • Baseline clinical and metabolic characteristics were comparable across all treatment groups.

Conclusions:

  • Selective inhibition of COX-2 with celecoxib (200 mg daily) enhances insulin sensitivity in healthy individuals.
  • COX-1 inhibition via low-dose ASA does not appear to affect insulin sensitivity in this population.
  • These findings highlight a potential therapeutic role for COX-2 inhibitors in modulating metabolic health.

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