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Updated: Jun 29, 2026

Portable Intermodal Preferential Looking (IPL): Investigating Language Comprehension in Typically Developing Toddlers and Young Children with Autism
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A cross-language comparison of /d/-/th/ perception: evidence for a new developmental pattern.

L Polka1, C Colantonio, M Sundara

  • 1School of Communication Sciences and Disorders, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. lpolka@po-box.mcgill.ca

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
|June 2, 2001
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Infants do not show early language-specific perception of English /d-th/. Language experience benefits phonetic discrimination only after 12 months of age, contrary to previous findings.

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Psychology
  • Linguistics
  • Speech Perception

Background:

  • Infants typically lose the ability to distinguish non-native speech sounds by 10-12 months.
  • This developmental decline suggests an emerging language-specific bias in auditory perception during the first year of life.
  • Previous research indicates this pattern holds for many non-native contrasts, especially those relevant to adult language experience.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the perceptual differentiation of the English /d-th/ contrast in English- and French-learning infants and adults.
  • To compare developmental patterns of phonetic discrimination with existing models of early language acquisition.
  • To examine the influence of language experience on the perception of specific speech sounds.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the conditioned headturn procedure to assess perceptual abilities.
  • Tested English- and French-speaking adults.
  • Tested English- and French-learning infants at two age groups: 6-8 months and 10-12 months.

Main Results:

  • Perceptual differentiation of English /d-th/ was not affected by language experience in infants aged 6-12 months.
  • Language experience significantly facilitated performance in differentiating /d-th/ after 12 months of age.
  • Infants without specific language exposure showed no change in performance.

Conclusions:

  • The study's findings contradict previous research and established theoretical frameworks regarding early language-specific perceptual biases.
  • Language experience appears to influence phonetic processing of the /d-th/ contrast later than previously thought.
  • Acoustic properties of sounds, phonotactic rules, and lexical development may play roles in these developmental patterns.