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Clinicopathologic factors related to metastasis in retinoblastoma
1Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, and the Institute of Clinical Medicine, Taiwan.
Purpose:
To investigate the orbital invasion and metastatic pattern in retinoblastoma, and to analyze the correlation with other pathologic and prognostic factors.
Methods:
Pathologic and admission records of 45 patients with a pathologically confirmed diagnosis of retinoblastoma during the past 20 years were reviewed. Clinical risk factors and pathologic findings were analyzed for association with tumor invasion/metastasis using chi-square, Fisher's exact, and Student's t tests.
Results:
Clinical risk factors such as exophthalmos, cataract, and pseudohypopyon were significantly correlated with tumor invasion/metastasis. The pathologic finding of choroid involvement was highly predictive of tumor invasion/metastasis. Delayed enucleation (>3 months) also was significantly correlated with tumor invasion/metastasis.
Conclusion:
Tumor invasion/metastasis is strongly associated with various ocular, pathologic, and treatment outcome factors. Identification of these risk factors may help plan treatment regimens.