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Effect of ethanol and ether in the prevention of calcification of bioprostheses
M Shen1, A Kara-Mostefa, L Chen
1Laboratoire d'Etude des Greffes et Prothèses Cardiaques, Hĵpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France. ming.shen@brs.ap-hop-paris.fr
Background:
Lipids play a significant role in the process of calcification of bioprostheses. We assessed whether lipid extraction by ethanol, ether, or a surfactant could mitigate calcification of glutaraldehyde-treated bioprostheses.
Methods:
On 200 bovine pericardium samples pretreated with 0.6% glutaraldehyde, lipid extraction was carried out by ethanol, ether, or the tween 80 surfactant, and combinations thereof. The treated tissues were implanted subcutaneously in 50 juvenile rats for 4 and 6 months. Lipids were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer and chromatography before implantation. Calcium content of implanted tissues was assessed by atomic absorption spectrometer.
Results:
Ethanol, ether, or surfactant did mitigate calcification. The most efficient pretreatments were the combination of ethanol and surfactant (calcium content: 15.5+/-6.8 microg/mg dry tissue after 6 months implantation) or the combination of ethanol, ether, and surfactant (13.1+/-6.2 microg/mg dry tissue) when compared with surfactant alone (42.9+/-12.7 microg/mg dry tissue).
Conclusions:
Ethanol or the combination of ethanol and ether added to the currently used glutaraldehyde-surfactant treatment further mitigates calcification.
