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Intussusception among recipients of rotavirus vaccine: reports to the vaccine adverse event reporting system

L R Zanardi1, P Haber, G T Mootrey

  • 1Epidemic Intelligence Service Program, Epidemiology Program Office, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA. lzanardi@cdc.gov

Pediatrics
|June 5, 2001
PubMed

Insights

Rotavirus vaccine use was linked to a fourfold increase in infant intussusception cases. This finding led to the vaccine

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Vaccinology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Public Health Surveillance

Background:

  • Rotavirus vaccine was licensed in 1998 and recommended for infant immunization.
  • Postlicensure surveillance was implemented to detect rare adverse events.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate intussusception cases in infants who received rotavirus vaccine.
  • To analyze data reported to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS).

Main Methods:

  • Surveillance of infants vaccinated with rotavirus vaccine in the United States.
  • Confirmed intussusception cases through radiological, surgical, or autopsy reports.
  • Utilized vaccine distribution data and incidence rates for comparison.

Main Results:

  • 98 confirmed intussusception cases were reported post-vaccination.
  • 60 cases occurred within one week of receiving the rotavirus vaccine.
  • An estimated 7-16 cases were expected by chance alone in the same period.

Conclusions:

  • A significant increase in intussusception cases was observed within a week of rotavirus vaccination.
  • Further studies were initiated to clarify the vaccine-intussusception relationship.
  • The rotavirus vaccine was voluntarily withdrawn from the market, and its recommendation rescinded.
Abstract

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