Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Transcription Factors02:16

Transcription Factors

82.8K
Tissue-specific transcription factors contribute to diverse cellular functions in mammals. For example, the gene for beta globin, a major component of hemoglobin, is present in all cells of the body. However, it is only expressed in red blood cells because the transcription factors that can bind to the promoter sequences of the beta globin gene are only expressed in these cells. Tissue-specific transcription factors also ensure that mutations in these factors may impair only the function of...
82.8K
Factors Affecting Solubility04:01

Factors Affecting Solubility

37.2K
Compared with pure water, the solubility of an ionic compound is less in aqueous solutions containing a common ion (one also produced by dissolution of the ionic compound). This is an example of a phenomenon known as the common ion effect, which is a consequence of the law of mass action that may be explained using Le Chȃtelier’s principle. Consider the dissolution of silver iodide:
37.2K
Transcription Elongation Factors02:35

Transcription Elongation Factors

14.0K
Transcription elongation is a dynamic process that alters depending upon the sequence heterogeneity of the DNA being transcribed. Hence, it is not surprising that the elongation complex's composition also varies along the way while transcribing a gene.
The transcription elongation is regulated via pausing of RNA polymerase on several occasions during transcription. In bacteria, these halts are necessary because the transcription of DNA into mRNA is coupled to the translation of that mRNA...
14.0K
Factors Affecting Drug Distribution: Miscellaneous Factors01:19

Factors Affecting Drug Distribution: Miscellaneous Factors

994
Drug distribution in the human body is a complex process influenced by various individual factors, including age, pregnancy, obesity, diet, body water composition, pH levels, and specific disease conditions.
Age plays a significant role due to differences in body composition among different age groups. Infants, for instance, have a higher proportion of total body water and lower albumin levels, a protein that binds drugs in the bloodstream. This unique composition in infants enhances the...
994
Electrolytes: van't Hoff Factor03:08

Electrolytes: van't Hoff Factor

36.9K
Colligative Properties of Electrolytes
The colligative properties of a solution depend only on the number, not on the identity, of solute species dissolved. The concentration terms in the equations for various colligative properties (freezing point depression, boiling point elevation, osmotic pressure) pertain to all solute species present in the solution. Nonelectrolytes dissolve physically without dissociation or any other accompanying process. Each molecule that dissolves yields one...
36.9K
Factors Affecting Protein-Drug Binding: Drug-Related Factors01:18

Factors Affecting Protein-Drug Binding: Drug-Related Factors

486
Drug binding to proteins is a complex phenomenon influenced by various drug-related factors, each playing a significant role in the interaction between drugs and proteins within the body.
One crucial factor in drug-protein binding is the drug's lipophilicity or its affinity for fat. More lipophilic drugs tend to have higher binding extents. For example, highly lipophilic drugs like cloxacillin exhibit substantial protein binding, with as much as 95% of the drug binding to proteins. In...
486

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Molecular Toxicity Pathways and Transcriptomic Points of Departure (tPODs) of 6PPD-Quinone in Early-Life Stage Lake Trout (<i>Salvelinus namaycush</i>).

Environmental science & technology·2026
Same author

EcoToxChip reveals immune and metabolic pathway disruption in fish chronically exposed to stormwater-impacted environments.

Aquatic toxicology (Amsterdam, Netherlands)·2026
Same author

Unveiling the molecular responses of human lung cells to retene: Transcriptomics insights and implications for toxicity.

Environmental toxicology and pharmacology·2025
Same author

Workshop report: scoping for the development of a proposal for an OECD guidance document on fish vitellogenin assessment.

Integrated environmental assessment and management·2025
Same author

Toxicity assessment of 6PPD-quinone in human lung cells: Insights from BEAS-2B and A549 cell lines.

Toxicology in vitro : an international journal published in association with BIBRA·2025
Same author

Effects of legacy and emerging antimicrobial compounds to early-life stages of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss).

Aquatic toxicology (Amsterdam, Netherlands)·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 5, 2026

Isolation and Functional Analysis of Arteriolar Endothelium of Mouse Brain Parenchyma
06:40

Isolation and Functional Analysis of Arteriolar Endothelium of Mouse Brain Parenchyma

Published on: March 11, 2022

4.3K

Endothelium-Derived Hyperpolarizing Factor-Fact or Fiction?

Markus Hecker1

  • 1Director of the Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, University of Goettingen, Humboldtallee 23, 37073 Goettingen, Germany.

News in Physiological Sciences : an International Journal of Physiology Produced Jointly by the International Union of Physiological Sciences and the American Physiological Society
|June 8, 2001
PubMed
Summary

The vascular endothelium releases a factor that relaxes blood vessels by activating potassium channels. This endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor, crucial for coronary blood flow, may be a cytochrome P450-derived arachidonic acid epoxide.

More Related Videos

Direct Induction of Hemogenic Endothelium and Blood by Overexpression of Transcription Factors in Human Pluripotent Stem Cells
08:14

Direct Induction of Hemogenic Endothelium and Blood by Overexpression of Transcription Factors in Human Pluripotent Stem Cells

Published on: December 3, 2015

7.9K
Hyperpolarized Xenon for NMR and MRI Applications
16:20

Hyperpolarized Xenon for NMR and MRI Applications

Published on: September 6, 2012

20.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 5, 2026

Isolation and Functional Analysis of Arteriolar Endothelium of Mouse Brain Parenchyma
06:40

Isolation and Functional Analysis of Arteriolar Endothelium of Mouse Brain Parenchyma

Published on: March 11, 2022

4.3K
Direct Induction of Hemogenic Endothelium and Blood by Overexpression of Transcription Factors in Human Pluripotent Stem Cells
08:14

Direct Induction of Hemogenic Endothelium and Blood by Overexpression of Transcription Factors in Human Pluripotent Stem Cells

Published on: December 3, 2015

7.9K
Hyperpolarized Xenon for NMR and MRI Applications
16:20

Hyperpolarized Xenon for NMR and MRI Applications

Published on: September 6, 2012

20.2K

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular biology
  • Endothelial function
  • Smooth muscle physiology

Background:

  • The vascular endothelium produces signaling molecules that regulate vascular tone.
  • Endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor (EDHF) is critical for smooth muscle relaxation.
  • Coronary blood flow regulation is essential for cardiac health, especially in arteriosclerosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify the chemical nature of the endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor in the coronary circulation.
  • To elucidate the role of EDHF in maintaining coronary blood flow during arteriosclerosis.

Main Methods:

  • Investigated the signaling pathways involved in endothelium-dependent vasodilation.
  • Utilized biochemical assays to identify arachidonic acid metabolites.
  • Examined the role of cytochrome P450 enzymes in factor production.

Main Results:

  • Identified a diffusible factor released by the endothelium that causes hyperpolarization and relaxation of vascular smooth muscle cells.
  • Demonstrated that this factor predominantly acts via activation of Ca(2+)-dependent K(+) channels.
  • Evidence suggests this EDHF is a cytochrome P450-derived arachidonic acid epoxide.
  • The release of this factor appears vital for maintaining coronary blood flow in arteriosclerosis.

Conclusions:

  • The endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor in the coronary circulation is likely a cytochrome P450-derived arachidonic acid epoxide.
  • This factor plays a crucial role in regulating vascular smooth muscle tone and maintaining coronary blood flow, particularly in the context of arteriosclerosis.