Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Autoxidation of Ethers to Peroxides and Hydroperoxides

Autoxidation of Ethers to Peroxides and Hydroperoxides

Ethers represent a class of chemical compounds that become more dangerous with prolonged storage because they tend to form explosive peroxides when standing in the air. Autoxidation is the spontaneous oxidation of a compound in air. In the presence of oxygen, ethers slowly oxidize to form hydroperoxides and dialkyl peroxides.

Oxidation of Alcohols

Oxidation of Alcohols

In this lesson, the oxidation of alcohols is discussed in depth. The various reagents used for oxidation of primary and secondary alcohols are detailed, and their mechanism of action is provided.
The process of oxidation in a chemical reaction is observed in any of the three forms:

Preparation of Aldehydes and Ketones from Alcohols, Alkenes, and Alkynes

Preparation of Aldehydes and Ketones from Alcohols, Alkenes, and Alkynes

Aldehydes and ketones are prepared from alcohols, alkenes, and alkynes via different reaction pathways. Alcohols are the most commonly used substrates for synthesizing aldehydes and ketones. The conversion of alcohol to aldehyde, which involves the oxidation process, depends on the class of the alcohol used and the strength of the oxidizing agent. For instance, primary alcohol will form an aldehyde when treated with a weak oxidizing agent; however, it gets over-oxidized to a carboxylic acid in...

Oxidations of Aldehydes and Ketones to Carboxylic Acids

Oxidations of Aldehydes and Ketones to Carboxylic Acids

Oxidation of aldehydes and ketones results in the formation of carboxylic acids. Aldehydes, bearing hydrogen next to the carbonyl group, are easily oxidized compared to ketones. This is because an aldehydic proton can easily be abstracted during oxidation.
Aldehydes readily undergo oxidation in strong oxidizing agents such as potassium permanganate and chromic acid. The oxidation can also be carried out using mild oxidizing agents such as silver oxide. In fact, aldehydes can be easily oxidized...

Oxidation of Phenols to Quinones

Oxidation of Phenols to Quinones

In the presence of oxidizing agents, phenols are oxidized to quinones. Quinones can be easily reduced back to phenols using mild reducing agents. The electron-donating hydroxyl group enhances the reactivity of the aromatic ring, enabling oxidation of the ring even in the absence of an α hydrogen.
o-hydroxy phenols are oxidized to o-quinones and p-hydroxy phenols to p-quinones. Such redox reactions involve the transfer of two electrons and two protons. The reversible redox property is crucial in...

Radical Autoxidation

Radical Autoxidation

The oxidation of an organic compound in the presence of air or oxygen is called autoxidation. For example, cumene reacts with oxygen to form hydroperoxide. Autoxidation involves initiation, propagation, and termination steps. Many organic compounds are susceptible to autoxidation—especially ethers in the presence of oxygen, which form hydroperoxides. Even though this reaction is slow, old ether bottles contain small amounts of peroxide, which leads to laboratory explosions during ether...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

[Proficiency testing for 11 clinical biobanks in Beijing City: simulation study and result analysis].

Zhonghua yu fang yi xue za zhi [Chinese journal of preventive medicine]·2025

Same author

[The prognostic value of colonoscopy grading for acute graft-versus-host disease in patients with malignant hematological disorders after unrelated cord blood transplantation].

Zhonghua xue ye xue za zhi = Zhonghua xueyexue zazhi·2024

Same author

[Single non-blood-related umbilical cord blood transplantation using a reduced-intensity conditioning regimen for the treatment of severe aplastic anemia].

Zhonghua xue ye xue za zhi = Zhonghua xueyexue zazhi·2024

Same author

[The reduced intensity conditioning of single umbilical cord blood transplantation in the treatment of Fanconi anemia: a report of three cases and literature review].

Zhonghua xue ye xue za zhi = Zhonghua xueyexue zazhi·2023

Same author

<i>Fusarium</i> and allied fusarioid taxa (FUSA). 1.

Fungal systematics and evolution·2022

Same author

[Expression comparison and clinical significance of PD-L1 (22C3) and PD-L1 (SP142) in triple negative breast cancer].

Zhonghua zhong liu za zhi [Chinese journal of oncology]·2022

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 12, 2026

Imaging Approaches to Assessments of Toxicological Oxidative Stress Using Genetically-encoded Fluorogenic Sensors

Imaging Approaches to Assessments of Toxicological Oxidative Stress Using Genetically-encoded Fluorogenic Sensors

Published on: February 7, 2018

Ethanol and oxidative stress.

A Y Sun¹, M Ingelman-Sundberg, E Neve

¹Department of Pharmacology (AYS, GYS), University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65212, USA.

Alcoholism, Clinical and Experimental Research

|June 8, 2001

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This workshop explored how ethanol impacts liver health, focusing on cytochrome P-4502E1, NF-kappaB regulation, oxidized proteins, and potential benefits of polyphenols in mitigating alcohol-induced liver damage.

More Related Videos

Chronic Intermittent Ethanol Vapor Exposure Paired with Two-Bottle Choice to Model Alcohol Use Disorder

Chronic Intermittent Ethanol Vapor Exposure Paired with Two-Bottle Choice to Model Alcohol Use Disorder

Published on: June 23, 2023

Assessment of Glutamine as a Fuel Source for Alveolar Macrophages Exposed to Chronic Ethanol Using an Extracellular Flux Bioanalyzer

Assessment of Glutamine as a Fuel Source for Alveolar Macrophages Exposed to Chronic Ethanol Using an Extracellular Flux Bioanalyzer

Published on: November 15, 2024

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 12, 2026

Imaging Approaches to Assessments of Toxicological Oxidative Stress Using Genetically-encoded Fluorogenic Sensors

Imaging Approaches to Assessments of Toxicological Oxidative Stress Using Genetically-encoded Fluorogenic Sensors

Published on: February 7, 2018

Chronic Intermittent Ethanol Vapor Exposure Paired with Two-Bottle Choice to Model Alcohol Use Disorder

Chronic Intermittent Ethanol Vapor Exposure Paired with Two-Bottle Choice to Model Alcohol Use Disorder

Published on: June 23, 2023

Assessment of Glutamine as a Fuel Source for Alveolar Macrophages Exposed to Chronic Ethanol Using an Extracellular Flux Bioanalyzer

Assessment of Glutamine as a Fuel Source for Alveolar Macrophages Exposed to Chronic Ethanol Using an Extracellular Flux Bioanalyzer

Published on: November 15, 2024

Area of Science:

Hepatology
Toxicology
Biochemistry

Background:

Alcoholic liver disease is a significant health concern.
Ethanol metabolism and its toxic effects are complex.
Understanding molecular mechanisms is crucial for developing interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

To present findings from a workshop on ethanol's effects on the liver.
To discuss the role of specific enzymes and signaling pathways.
To explore potential therapeutic strategies for alcoholic liver disease.

Main Methods:

Review of presentations on ethanol-inducible cytochrome P-4502E1.
Analysis of NF-kappaB regulation by ethanol.
Measurement of oxidized proteins in rat liver models.
Assessment of antiphospholipid antibodies and oxidized LDL in patients.
Evaluation of polyphenol efficacy in ameliorating ethanol-induced damage.

Main Results:

Ethanol induces cytochrome P-4502E1, implicated in alcoholic liver disease.
Ethanol affects the regulation of NF-kappaB, a key inflammatory pathway.
Chronic ethanol consumption elevates oxidized protein levels in the liver.
Antiphospholipid antibodies and oxidized LDL are associated with alcoholic liver disease.
Polyphenols show promise in reducing ethanol-induced liver damage.

Conclusions:

Ethanol exerts multifaceted detrimental effects on liver function.
Targeting specific molecular pathways like cytochrome P-4502E1 and NF-kappaB may offer therapeutic benefits.
Polyphenols represent a potential nutritional intervention for alcoholic liver disease.