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Figure-ground asymmetries in the Implicit Association Test (IAT).

K Rothermund1, D Wentura

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Trier, D-54286 Trier. rothermu@uni-trier.de

Zeitschrift Fur Experimentelle Psychologie : Organ Der Deutschen Gesellschaft Fur Psychologie
|June 8, 2001
PubMed
Summary

Figure-ground asymmetries, not just associations, create compatibility effects in the Implicit Association Test (IAT). This challenges the idea that IAT effects solely stem from evaluative learning.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Social Psychology

Background:

  • The Implicit Association Test (IAT) is widely used to measure automatic associations.
  • IAT effects are often attributed to learned associations between concepts.
  • Binary classification tasks may involve inherent processing asymmetries, termed figure-ground asymmetries.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether figure-ground asymmetries, independent of evaluative associations, can produce compatibility effects in the IAT.
  • To test the hypothesis that IAT effects are not exclusively driven by evaluative associations.

Main Methods:

  • Two experiments were conducted using variations of the IAT.
  • Experiment 1 used old/young names and good/bad words, then neutral words/nonwords.
  • Experiment 2 manipulated target dimension asymmetry using a go/nogo task.

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Main Results:

  • Compatibility effects were observed even when using neutral words/nonwords, suggesting association is not the sole factor.
  • Reversing the target dimension asymmetry led to a reversed IAT effect.
  • These findings indicate that figure-ground asymmetries play a role in generating IAT effects.

Conclusions:

  • Figure-ground asymmetries in binary classification tasks contribute to compatibility effects in the IAT.
  • IAT effects are not solely dependent on evaluative associations between target and attribute categories.
  • The study provides evidence for a non-associative account of certain IAT effects.