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Disease of the equine posterior segment
T.J. Cutler1, D.E. Brooks, S.E. Andrew
1Departments of Large and Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
Veterinary Ophthalmology
|June 9, 2001
Summary
This review differentiates normal equine fundus variations from disease, detailing common pathological lesions near the optic nerve head. It highlights key findings for diagnosing equine ocular conditions and fundic abnormalities.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Veterinary Medicine
- Equine Science
Background:
- The equine fundus presents unique features requiring careful differentiation between normal variations and pathological conditions.
- Recent advancements have expanded the understanding of ocular fundic abnormalities in horses.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide a comprehensive review of the equine fundus, focusing on distinguishing normal variations from disease.
- To update descriptions with recently published ocular fundic abnormalities and their diagnostic significance.
Main Methods:
- Review of current literature on equine fundic abnormalities.
- Analysis of pathological lesions, including depigmentation, hyperpigmentation, and vascular patterns.
- Comparison of normal fundic features with pathological manifestations.
Main Results:
- Most pathological lesions are concentrated near the optic nerve head, often presenting as depigmentation or hyperpigmentation.
- Linear pigmented bands can indicate vortex veins, tapetal transitions, chorioretinitis, or equine motor neuron disease.
- Choroidal vasculature in color-dilute horses requires differentiation from hemorrhage; retinal hemorrhages in foals are common and can be independent of hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy.
Conclusions:
- Accurate interpretation of equine fundic appearance is crucial for diagnosing various ocular and neurological diseases.
- Recognizing specific lesion patterns aids in differentiating benign findings from serious conditions like neoplasia or severe optic neuropathies.