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Related Concept Videos

Mass Spectrometers01:16

Mass Spectrometers

This lesson details the instrumentation of a mass spectrometer—a physical instrument to perform mass spectrometry on analyte molecules and record the characteristic mass spectra. This is achieved via three chief functions:
MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry01:19

MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry

Mass spectrometry is a powerful characterization technique that can identify and separate a wide variety of compounds ranging from chemical to biological entities, based on their mass-to-charge ratio (m/z). The instruments that allow this detection, known as mass spectrometers, have three components: an ion source, a mass analyzer, and a detector. These spectrometers differ based on the nature of their ion source and analyzers.Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) is a commonly...
Mass Spectrum: Interpretation01:24

Mass Spectrum: Interpretation

An unknown compound can be established by identifying the molecular ion peak in the mass spectrum. The molecular ion peak is often weak or absent due to the predominance of fragmentation in high-energy electron beams. In such cases, a soft-energy electron beam can be used to scan the spectrum to enhance the intensity of the molecular ion peak. Additionally, chemical ionization, field ionization, and desorption ionization spectra are used to obtain a relatively intense molecular ion peak.To...
Mass Analyzers: Overview01:13

Mass Analyzers: Overview

The mass analyzer is a crucial component of the mass spectrometer. In the ionization chamber, the vaporized sample is bombarded with a high-energy electron beam to generate a radical cation and further fragment into neutral molecules, radicals, and cations. A series of negatively charged accelerator plates accelerate the cations into the mass analyzer. The mass analyzer separates ions according to their mass-to-charge (m/z) ratios and then directs them to the detector. The common types of mass...
Mass Analyzers: Common Types01:19

Mass Analyzers: Common Types

The quadrupole mass analyzer consists of four cylindrical metal rods arranged in a diamond carrying a DC voltage and a radio-frequency AC voltage. The motion of ions through the quadrupole depends on the field strength, causing only ions of a certain m/z to resonate successfully and strike the detector at a given field strength. Though the transmission rate for these analyzers is high, the exact elemental composition of the sample is not determined because of low resolution; however, they are...
Tandem Mass Spectrometry01:21

Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Tandem mass spectrometry is a technique that uses multiple mass analyzers in series to obtain a higher selectivity and reduce chemical noise during analyte detection. Instruments with multiple analyzers separated by an interaction cell enable secondary fragmentation and selected study of the fragment ions.Secondary fragmentations occur in the interaction cell and can be induced by various factors. Fragmentation induced by collision with inert gases, such as N2, Ar, He, etc., is called...

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Molecular Beam Mass Spectrometry With Tunable Vacuum Ultraviolet (VUV) Synchrotron Radiation
09:53

Molecular Beam Mass Spectrometry With Tunable Vacuum Ultraviolet (VUV) Synchrotron Radiation

Published on: October 30, 2012

Sub-miniature ExB sector-field mass spectrometer.

J A Diaz1, C F Giese, W R Gentry

  • 1Universidad de Costa Rica, San Jose. jdiaz@micit.go.cr

Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry
|June 13, 2001
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed a novel miniature mass spectrometer using advanced fabrication techniques. This compact, low-cost instrument offers performance comparable to commercial analyzers, enabling portable analytical applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Instrument Development
  • Sensor Technology

Background:

  • Traditional mass spectrometers are often large, expensive, and power-intensive.
  • There is a need for portable, cost-effective analytical instruments for various applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and fabricate a novel sub-miniature, double-focusing sector-field mass spectrometer.
  • To achieve high performance in a compact and low-power device.
  • To enable portable and low-cost analytical instrumentation.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication using conventional machining and thin-film patterning.
  • Design based on a 90-degree cylindrical crossed electric and magnetic sector-field analyzer.
  • Performance optimization using finite element analysis and computer modeling.

Main Results:

  • Achieved a resolving power of 10^6 (FWHM).
  • Demonstrated a detection limit near 10 parts per million and a dynamic range of 5 orders of magnitude.
  • Mass range up to 10^3 Da with a compact size (3.5x6x7.5 cm), low weight (0.8 kg), and low power consumption (2.5 W).

Conclusions:

  • The miniature mass spectrometer exhibits performance comparable to commercial residual gas analyzers.
  • The instrument's small size, low cost, and high performance make it suitable for portable analytical applications.
  • This development opens possibilities for widespread use in field analysis and resource-limited settings.