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Related Experiment Videos

Cervicogenic headache: anatomic basis and pathophysiologic mechanisms.

N Bogduk1

  • 1Newcastle Bone and Joint Institute, University of Newcastle, Royal Newcastle Hospital, Newcastle, NSW 2300, Australia. mgillam@mail.newcastle.edu.au

Current Pain and Headache Reports
|June 14, 2001
PubMed
Summary

Cervicogenic headache originates in the cervical spine due to referred pain pathways. Experiments confirm that upper cervical muscles and joints can trigger this type of headache.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Pain Medicine
  • Anatomy

Background:

  • Cervicogenic headache presents as head pain referred from a primary source in the cervical spine.
  • The underlying mechanism involves convergence between trigeminal afferents and upper cervical spinal nerves (C1-C3).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify potential sources of cervicogenic headache within the upper cervical structures.
  • To investigate the role of cervical muscles and joints in headache generation.

Main Methods:

  • Review of anatomical structures innervated by C1-C3 spinal nerves.
  • Experiments involving normal volunteers to assess headache provocation from cervical structures.

Main Results:

  • Identified potential pain sources including upper cervical synovial joints, muscles, C2-3 disc, vertebral and carotid arteries, and upper spinal cord dura.

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  • Experimental evidence demonstrated that cervical muscles and joints can indeed be sources of headache.

    • Conclusions:

    • The upper cervical spine contains multiple structures capable of referring pain to the head, consistent with cervicogenic headache.
    • Cervical muscles and joints are confirmed as potential generators of cervicogenic headache.