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Coding and noncoding plastid DNA in palm systematics.

C B Asmussen¹, M W Chase

¹Botanical Section, Department of Ecology, Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Rolighedsvej 21, DK-1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark.

American Journal of Botany

|June 19, 2001

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Phylogenetic analysis of palm family (Arecaceae) using plastid DNA sequences clarifies evolutionary relationships. Combining rbcL, rps16 intron, and trnL-trnF data provides better resolution of basal palm nodes.

Area of Science:

Plant Systematics
Molecular Evolution
Monocot Phylogeny

Background:

Palm family (Arecaceae) is monophyletic but difficult to root due to slow-evolving plastid DNA.
Length-variable sequences are unalignable with outgroups, and conserved regions offer insufficient characters for basal node resolution.

Purpose of the Study:

To resolve the basal relationships within the palm family using combined plastid DNA sequence data.
To improve phylogenetic resolution at the base of the Arecaceae.

Main Methods:

Combined sequence data from the length-conserved rbcL gene with noncoding rps16 intron and trnL-trnF regions.
Utilized 94 ingroup and 24 outgroup sequences for phylogenetic analysis.

Main Results:

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The combined dataset provided greater resolution of basal palm nodes compared to previous studies.
Subfamily Calamoideae was suggested as sister to the rest of the palms, though with low bootstrap support (<50%).
Subfamily Phytelephantoideae showed a relationship with tribes Cyclospatheae and Ceroxyleae from subfamily Ceroxyloideae.

Conclusions:

The combined plastid DNA regions offer a robust approach for resolving palm phylogeny.
The study provides new insights into the systematic relationships within the Arecaceae, particularly at the subfamily and tribal levels.