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Complementary functions of Otx2 and Cripto in initial patterning of mouse epiblast
1Department of Morphogenesis, Division of Transgenic Technology, Vertebrate Body Plan Group, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Center for Animal Resources and Development , Honjo 2-2-1, Kumamoto, 860-0811, Japan.
Developmental Biology
|June 20, 2001
Summary
Otx2 and Cripto genes are essential for establishing the mammalian antero-posterior (A-P) axis. Double mutants lacking both genes fail to form the A-P axis, revealing their complementary roles in early embryonic patterning.
Area of Science:
- Developmental Biology
- Genetics
- Embryology
Background:
- Mammalian antero-posterior (A-P) axis formation relies on anterior and posterior signaling centers.
- Otx2 and Cripto genes are implicated in the function of these signaling centers.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the combined roles of Otx2 and Cripto in A-P axis development.
- To analyze the phenotype of Otx2(-/-);Cripto(-/-) double homozygous mutant mice.
Main Methods:
- Generation and analysis of Otx2(-/-);Cripto(-/-) double homozygous mutant mice.
- Examination of A-P axis marker gene expression (Cer-l, Lim1, Wnt3, Fgf8, T).
- Assessment of differentiation in visceral endoderm, extraembryonic ectoderm, and neuroectoderm.
Main Results:
- Double mutants failed to induce A-P axis markers and could not establish the initial proximal-distal orientation.
- Significant defects in visceral endoderm and extraembryonic ectoderm differentiation were observed.
- Accelerated neuroectoderm differentiation occurred, resembling anterior hindbrain characteristics.
Conclusions:
- Otx2 and Cripto exhibit complementary functions crucial for initial A-P axis patterning in mouse embryos.
- The absence of both genes disrupts early embryonic polarity and leads to a default anterior hindbrain state.
- This study highlights the essential genetic interplay for establishing fundamental body plan axes.