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Structural transitions in DNA driven by external force and torque.

A Sarkar1, J F Léger, D Chatenay

  • 1Department of Physics, The University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 West Taylor Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA.

Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics
|June 21, 2001
PubMed
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A statistical-mechanical model accurately fits DNA force-extension data, revealing five distinct DNA states. This model predicts DNA phase diagrams and quantifies the torque required for structural transitions.

Area of Science:

  • Biophysics
  • Statistical Mechanics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Single DNA molecule experiments demonstrate state transitions driven by stretching and twisting.
  • Understanding these transitions is crucial for DNA mechanics and function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a statistical-mechanical model for fitting experimental DNA force-extension data.
  • To globally analyze DNA behavior across a wide range of twisting.
  • To determine the properties and free energies of different DNA states.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a simple statistical-mechanical model.
  • Globally fitted experimental force-extension data from Léger et al. (1999).
  • Analyzed DNA states across varying degrees of twisting.

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Main Results:

  • Successfully obtained mean twists, extensions, and free energies for five experimentally identified DNA states.
  • Predicted global force-torque and force-linking number phase diagrams for DNA.
  • Quantified the torque for transitions: -2kBT for unwinding and 7kBT for overwinding.

Conclusions:

  • The statistical-mechanical model provides a comprehensive framework for understanding DNA mechanical transitions.
  • The study elucidates the energetic costs associated with DNA structural changes.
  • Provides quantitative insights into DNA's response to mechanical forces and torques.