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Rotation-induced phase transition in a spherical gravitating system.

P Klinko1, B N Miller, I Prokhorenkov

  • 1Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, Texas 76129, USA.

Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics
|June 21, 2001
PubMed
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Rotation in self-gravitating systems prevents the gravothermal catastrophe. Introducing specific angular momentum creates phase transitions, bounding entropy and energy for astrophysical applications.

Area of Science:

  • Statistical physics
  • Astrophysics
  • Gravitational systems

Background:

  • Self-gravitating systems face challenges with standard statistical physics due to gravity's infinite range.
  • Phenomena like negative heat capacity and gravothermal catastrophe occur, where systems collapse and entropy becomes unbounded.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate the influence of rotation on purely spherical gravitational systems using mean field theory.
  • Analyze the effect of conserved specific angular momentum (l) on system stability and thermodynamic properties.

Main Methods:

  • Employed mean field theory to model rotating spherical gravitational systems.
  • Proved rigorous upper and lower bounds for entropy and energy, respectively.
  • Analyzed systems with particles having identical specific angular momentum magnitude (l).

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Main Results:

  • Demonstrated that rotation introduces an upper bound on entropy and a lower bound on energy.
  • Showed a phase transition occurs in microcanonical and canonical ensembles when l drops below a critical value.
  • Characterized the distinct properties of each phase and constructed coexistence curves for different ensembles.

Conclusions:

  • Rotation stabilizes self-gravitating systems, preventing the gravothermal catastrophe.
  • The study reveals phase transitions driven by angular momentum, with implications for understanding astrophysical structures like galaxies and globular clusters.