Coupling force distribution and finite element model for calculating the consequences of distributed force input

Area of Science:

• Biomechanics
• Materials Science
• Biomedical Engineering

Background:

• Previous biomechanical studies focused on single-channel force measurements and models.
• Pressure distribution research utilized multi-channel measurements but lacked predictive models.
• The 'hammock effect' in mattress covers degrades user comfort and support.

Purpose of the Study:

• To introduce a multi-channel Finite Element Model (FEM) for analyzing mattress pressure distribution.
• To calculate internal mattress stresses and strains.
• To determine the body shape and mattress surface deformation for improved comfort assessment.

Main Methods:

• A mattress is modeled as interconnected vertical springs with a coupled top layer simulating cover fabric.
• Forces from pressure distribution measurements are input to calculate stress and displacement within the mattress.
• The model determines surface shape and body contour based on spring deformation and material properties.

Main Results:

• The FEM successfully calculates internal stress and displacement within the mattress.
• The model accurately determines the mattress surface shape under load, reflecting body contour.
• Analysis of body shape provides data for assessing lying quality (comfort and support).

Conclusions:

• The developed multi-channel FEM provides insights into mattress internal mechanics and surface deformation.
• This model enables objective assessment of mattress comfort and support based on body shape.
• The findings facilitate data-driven recommendations for optimizing mattress design and performance.