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Related Experiment Videos

The cholesterol-dependent cytolysins.

R K Tweten1, M W Parker, A E Johnson

  • 1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73190, USA.

Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology
|June 22, 2001
PubMed
Summary
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Cholera-toxin-related compounds (CTCs) form membrane pores through sequential monomer binding, oligomerization, and a concerted insertion of transmembrane helices. Key questions remain regarding initial membrane interaction and the trigger for pore formation.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Cholera-toxin-related compounds (CTCs) are pore-forming toxins implicated in cell lysis.
  • Recent studies provide insights into the mechanism of CTC membrane insertion.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a schematic model for CTC membrane insertion stages.
  • To highlight unresolved questions regarding the cytolytic mechanism of CTCs.

Main Methods:

  • Assembly of a schematic model based on recent studies.
  • Identification of controversial and unknown aspects of the CTC mechanism.

Main Results:

  • Proposed model: CTCs bind as monomers, diffuse, oligomerize, and convert to a pore complex.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Predicted concerted insertion of transmembrane helices (TMHs) to form a beta-barrel structure.

    • Conclusions:

    • The precise nature of initial CDC monomer-membrane interaction (cholesterol-dependent or receptor-mediated) is debated.
    • The trigger for membrane insertion, monomer interaction regions, and kinetic sequence of structural changes remain undefined.