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Achilles' tendonitis. An overview and reconditioning model.

R N Humble1, L L Nugent

  • 1Division of Podiatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada. humble@alberta-podiatry.ab.ca

Clinics in Podiatric Medicine and Surgery
|June 22, 2001
PubMed
Summary

Achilles tendon injuries in runners often occur during eccentric muscle contractions. Successful reconditioning involves eccentric strengthening and gradual activity, but more research is needed on exercise tolerance during healing.

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Area of Science:

  • Sports Medicine
  • Orthopedics
  • Rehabilitation Science

Background:

  • Achilles tendon injuries are prevalent in runners, frequently resulting from eccentric loading.
  • The muscle tendon complex's eccentric function is critical, and failure often occurs during this phase.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize current understanding of Achilles tendon injuries in runners.
  • To highlight the role of eccentric strengthening and neuromuscular theories in reconditioning.
  • To identify the need for further research on exercise tolerance during the inflammatory process for optimized return to activity.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on Achilles tendon injuries and rehabilitation.
  • Analysis of the role of eccentric exercise and neuromuscular strengthening.

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  • Identification of knowledge gaps regarding exercise prescription during healing phases.

    • Main Results:

    • Eccentric strengthening, plyometrics, and gradual activity challenges are key components of successful reconditioning programs.
    • The eccentric phase of muscle function is a common point of failure for the Achilles tendon.

    Conclusions:

    • Rehabilitation programs incorporating eccentric strengthening and progressive activity can be effective for Achilles tendon injuries.
    • Further investigation is required to determine the optimal amount of stress (exercise) tolerable at different stages of the inflammatory process to enhance return to activity.