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Olfactory dysfunction in schizophrenia and temporal lobe epilepsy.

C G Kohler1, P J Moberg, R E Gur

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, USA. kohler@bblmail.psycha.upenn.edu

Neuropsychiatry, Neuropsychology, and Behavioral Neurology
|June 22, 2001
PubMed
Summary

Patients with schizophrenia and right temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) show similar olfactory identification deficits, suggesting right-hemisphere involvement in olfactory processing for both conditions.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Clinical Psychology
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Schizophrenia and mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) are common neurological disorders.
  • Both conditions involve dysfunction in temporo-limbic neural pathways.
  • Shared neural substrates may lead to overlapping cognitive deficits.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate olfactory performance similarities between schizophrenia patients and those with right or left TLE.
  • To determine if olfactory processing deficits in schizophrenia align more closely with right or left TLE.

Main Methods:

  • Odor identification (University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test - UPSIT) and odor detection threshold (phenyl ethyl alcohol - PEA) were assessed.
  • Participants included 40 schizophrenia patients, 14 right TLE, 18 left TLE patients, and 25 healthy controls.

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Main Results:

  • Schizophrenia and right TLE groups showed significant UPSIT impairment compared to controls.
  • Left TLE patients performed similarly to controls on odor identification.
  • No significant differences in odor detection threshold sensitivity were found among the groups.

Conclusions:

  • Olfactory processing appears to rely more heavily on right hemisphere structures.
  • Findings support neuroimaging studies implicating right hemispheric dysfunction in schizophrenia's olfactory processing deficits.