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Related Experiment Videos

Frustation and learned helplessness.

R A Rosellini, M E Seligman

    Journal of Experimental Psychology. Animal Behavior Processes
    |April 1, 1975
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Learned helplessness, induced by inescapable shock, transfers to a new situation involving frustration. Animals exposed to inescapable shock failed to learn escape behaviors, demonstrating a generalized effect of learned helplessness.

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    Area of Science:

    • Psychology
    • Animal Behavior
    • Neuroscience

    Background:

    • Learned helplessness is a psychological state where individuals feel powerless to avoid negative stimuli.
    • Previous research has primarily focused on learned helplessness induced by uncontrollable electric shock.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the transfer of learned helplessness from an electric shock paradigm to a frustration-based learning task.
    • To determine if learned helplessness generalizes across different aversive motivators.

    Main Methods:

    • Experiment 1: Rats were exposed to escapable, inescapable, or no shock, then trained in a runway task. Subsequently, they were tested on a hurdle-jump escape response from a frustrating goal box.
    • Experiment 2: Replicated Experiment 1, focusing on the transfer of learned helplessness without prior runway response acquisition.

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    Main Results:

    • Rats exposed to inescapable shock failed to learn the hurdle-jump escape response.
    • Animals exposed to escapable shock or no shock successfully learned the frustration escape response.
    • Learned helplessness transferred from shock to frustration, even without a pre-acquired running response.

    Conclusions:

    • Inescapable shock induces learned helplessness that generalizes to novel aversive situations.
    • The findings suggest a common underlying mechanism for learned helplessness across different types of stressors.