[Risk factors for the onset of vasospasm and rebleeding after spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage]

Retrospective study comprised 120 patients with spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and risk factors for vasospasm and rebleeding were analyzed. Rebleeding and vasospasm had the same incidence (26.7%). Vasospasm prolonged preoperative and postoperative hospital period (p > or = 0.05) and deteriorated the final treatment outcome (incidence of favorable outcome was decreased from 56.9% to 41.7%). Total rebleeding mortality rate was 62.5% and depended on the clinical state before rebleeding (p < 0.05). Risk factors for vasospasm were: poor clinical condition of a patient after the initial SAH, the period of 5-13 days after hemorrhage (p < 0.01) and aneurysm located on the anterior communicant artery (p < 0.01). Risk factors for rebleeding were: poor clinical condition of the patient after the initial SAH, the first 36 hours and the period of 8-11 days after the initial SAH, advanced age of the patient, severe arterial hypertension, vasospasm and aneurysm on the internal carotid artery.