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Mother-to-child transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus in Texas

S I Arbona1, S K Melville, I C Hanson

  • 1Bureau of HIV and STD Prevention, Texas Department of Health, Austin 78756-3199, USA. sonia.arbona@tdh.state.tx.us

The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal
|June 23, 2001
PubMed

Insights

Mother-to-child HIV transmission in Texas has decreased, linked to the AIDS Clinical Trial Group 076 (ACTG 076) regimen. However, gaps in prenatal care highlight missed prevention opportunities for HIV-infected pregnant women.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric infectious diseases
  • Epidemiology
  • Public health

Background:

  • The Pediatric Spectrum of HIV Diseases (PSD) project in Texas has tracked HIV-exposed children since 1989.
  • Data analysis aims to describe mother-to-child HIV transmission and the pediatric HIV epidemic in Texas.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze trends in perinatally HIV-exposed children and perinatally acquired HIV cases in Texas.
  • To evaluate the effectiveness of the AIDS Clinical Trial Group 076 (ACTG 076) regimen in reducing HIV transmission.

Main Methods:

  • Examined trends in the Texas PSD cohort for HIV-exposed children and perinatally acquired HIV cases.
  • Calculated transmission rates and relative risks for 656 children born between January 1995 and July 1998 receiving part or all of the ACTG 076 regimen.

Main Results:

  • Only 38% of HIV-infected mothers and their exposed children received the full ACTG 076 regimen; 73% of mothers received some prenatal care.
  • Recent decreases observed in perinatally exposed children and perinatally acquired HIV cases in Texas.
  • Reduction in vertical HIV transmission associated with full/partial ACTG 076 regimen and Dallas County residence.

Conclusions:

  • Identified gaps in healthcare for pregnant HIV-infected women, indicating missed opportunities for preventing mother-to-child HIV transmission.
  • Confirmed progress in efforts to reduce mother-to-child HIV transmission in Texas.
Abstract

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