Abdominal aortic aneurysm

Abdominal aortic aneurysm is a chronic dilation of the aorta with a natural history toward enlargement and rupture. Its pathogenesis is believed to be multifactorial and complex. Clinical presentation may be asymptomatic, symptomatic, or as rupture. Elective surgery by open transperitoneal or retroperitoneal approach is the most common repair intervention. However, placing an endoluminal stent graft within the aneurysm is currently being evaluated as an alternative to open repair. Nursing care of the patient with abdominal aortic aneurysm involves intensive care skills as well as a foundation in chronic illness management. This article presents information on pathogenesis, natural history, clinical presentation, surgical interventions, and postoperative complications.