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Measuring Carbon-based Contaminant Mineralization Using Combined CO2 Flux and Radiocarbon Analyses

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Consistent land- and atmosphere-based U.S. carbon sink estimates.

S W Pacala¹, G C Hurtt, D Baker

¹Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences Program, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA. Pacala@princeton.edu

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|June 26, 2001

Summary

The United States acted as a significant carbon sink from 1980-89, absorbing 0.30–0.58 petagrams of carbon annually. This estimate, larger than previous studies, includes non-forest sectors and is consistent with atmospheric measurements.

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Area of Science:

Environmental Science
Atmospheric Chemistry
Ecology

Background:

Accurate estimation of carbon sinks is crucial for understanding global carbon cycle dynamics.
Previous studies on U.S. carbon sinks had limitations in scope and methodology.
The period 1980-1989 presents a key interval for assessing carbon sequestration trends.

Purpose of the Study:

To quantify the carbon sink in the coterminous United States for the period 1980-1989.
To compare land-based estimates with atmosphere-based inversion methods.
To investigate the stability of the U.S. carbon sink over time.

Main Methods:

Land-based carbon flux estimation, incorporating additional processes and revised component fluxes.
Atmospheric modeling using the tracer-transport inversion method based on carbon dioxide concentration.
Comparison and validation of land-based and atmosphere-based sink estimates.

Main Results:

Estimated U.S. carbon sink between 0.30 and 0.58 petagrams of carbon per year (1980-89).
Net land carbon flux ranged from 0.37 to 0.71 petagrams of carbon per year, accounting for riverine and commercial export.
Land-based estimates were significantly larger than previous studies, with about half outside the forest sector.
Atmosphere-based inversion results were consistent with land-based estimates, within uncertainty ranges.
U.S. carbon sink showed relative stability from 1980-1989 through 1990-1994.

Conclusions:

The coterminous U.S. functioned as a substantial carbon sink during 1980-1989.
The inclusion of diverse processes and non-forest sectors improved sink estimation accuracy.
Land-based and atmospheric methods provide consistent, albeit uncertain, estimates of the U.S. carbon sink.
The U.S. carbon sink remained relatively stable across the assessed periods.