Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 13, 2026

Ultrasound Images of the Tongue: A Tutorial for Assessment and Remediation of Speech Sound Errors
Published on: January 3, 2017
Missing information in spoken word recognition: nonreleased stop consonants
1Department of Psychology, State University of New York at Binghamton, New York 13901, USA.
Spoken word recognition handles common American English pronunciation variants, like nonreleased stop consonants, effectively. Existing models of probabilistic activation sufficiently explain processing of these sounds without special mechanisms.
Area of Science:
- Psycholinguistics
- Phonetics
- Cognitive Science
Background:
- Investigates phonological variants in American English, specifically word-final nonreleased stop consonants (/t/, /d/).
- Examines how these common pronunciation variations are processed during spoken word recognition.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine if spoken word recognition requires specialized mechanisms for nonreleased stop consonants.
- To test whether existing models of probabilistic activation can account for processing these variants.
Main Methods:
- Cross-modal semantic priming task (Experiment 1) using voiced/voiceless nonreleased stop consonants and stimuli with /s/ segments.
- Phoneme monitoring task (Experiment 2) with release, no-release words, and mismatching stimuli.
- Measured priming effects and reaction times to assess processing efficiency.
Main Results:
- Comparable semantic priming was observed for both /d/ and /t/ nonreleased variants.
- Priming was reduced but significant for intact and missing /s/ segments.
- Phoneme monitoring reaction times increased with decreased acoustic-phonetic similarity to the target word.
Conclusions:
- Spoken word recognition does not necessitate unique processing mechanisms for nonreleased stop consonant variants.
- Results align with existing theories of probabilistic activation based on partial acoustic information.
More Related Videos
09:09Foreign Accent and Forensic Speaker Identification in Voice Lineups: The Influence of Acoustic Features Based on Prosody
Published on: September 27, 2024
05:48Memorization-Based Training and Testing Paradigm for Robust Vocal Identity Recognition in Expressive Speech Using Event-Related Potentials Analysis
Published on: August 9, 2024
Related Concept Videos
Resonance
¹H NMR: Interpreting Distorted and Overlapping Signals
As Δν decreases and the signals move closer, the doublets appear increasingly distorted. The intensities of the inner lines increase at the cost of those of the outer lines as the signals are slanted or...
Sound Waves: Resonance
Double Resonance Techniques: Overview
Spin decoupling is usually achieved by...
Chunking and Rehearsal in Sensory Memory
Tip-of-the-Tongue Phenomenon