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Missing information in spoken word recognition: nonreleased stop consonants.

T Deelman1, C M Connine

  • 1Department of Psychology, State University of New York at Binghamton, New York 13901, USA.

Journal of Experimental Psychology. Human Perception and Performance
|June 27, 2001
PubMed
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Spoken word recognition handles common American English pronunciation variants, like nonreleased stop consonants, effectively. Existing models of probabilistic activation sufficiently explain processing of these sounds without special mechanisms.

Area of Science:

  • Psycholinguistics
  • Phonetics
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Investigates phonological variants in American English, specifically word-final nonreleased stop consonants (/t/, /d/).
  • Examines how these common pronunciation variations are processed during spoken word recognition.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if spoken word recognition requires specialized mechanisms for nonreleased stop consonants.
  • To test whether existing models of probabilistic activation can account for processing these variants.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-modal semantic priming task (Experiment 1) using voiced/voiceless nonreleased stop consonants and stimuli with /s/ segments.
  • Phoneme monitoring task (Experiment 2) with release, no-release words, and mismatching stimuli.
  • Measured priming effects and reaction times to assess processing efficiency.

Related Experiment Videos

Main Results:

  • Comparable semantic priming was observed for both /d/ and /t/ nonreleased variants.
  • Priming was reduced but significant for intact and missing /s/ segments.
  • Phoneme monitoring reaction times increased with decreased acoustic-phonetic similarity to the target word.

Conclusions:

  • Spoken word recognition does not necessitate unique processing mechanisms for nonreleased stop consonant variants.
  • Results align with existing theories of probabilistic activation based on partial acoustic information.