Frontalis suspension technique with a temporal-fasciae-complex sheet for repairing blepharoptosis

Congenital blepharoptosis presents as a drooping upper eyelid with an unpleasant appearance. Severe blepharoptosis usually has to be treated with varying modifications of frontalis suspension techniques. Each, however, has certain drawbacks. In this paper, a refined frontalis suspension technique with temporal-fasciae-complex sheet is presented for repairing severe blepharoptosis. The technique suspends the eyelid from the frontalis muscle with a temporal-fasciae-complex sheet through the submuscular tunnel between the eyelid and the frontalis. Each of the 16 patients (22 eyelids) achieved good upper eyelid elevation and proper palpebral crease formation. We found that the technique is simple, effective, and predictable with minimal risk of complications. It could be optimal for correcting severe blepharoptosis, especially for Oriental patients who demand palpebral crease formation.