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Related Experiment Videos

Wheat leaves emit nitrous oxide during nitrate assimilation.

D R Smart1, A J Bloom

  • 1Department of Vegetable Crops, University of California, Davis, CA 95616-8746, USA. drsmart@ucdavis.edu

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|June 28, 2001
PubMed
Summary

Plants can produce nitrous oxide (N2O), a greenhouse gas, during nitrate assimilation. This discovery reveals a new pathway for biogenic N2O emissions from the terrestrial biosphere.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Plant Physiology
  • Atmospheric Chemistry

Background:

  • Nitrous oxide (N2O) is a significant greenhouse gas impacting climate and stratospheric ozone.
  • Understanding biogenic sources of N2O is crucial for climate change mitigation strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate N2O emissions from wheat canopies.
  • To determine the role of nitrate assimilation in plant-derived N2O production.

Main Methods:

  • Simultaneous monitoring of N2O flux, CO2 uptake, and O2 evolution in wheat canopies.
  • Utilizing 15N isotopic signatures to trace N2O origins.
  • In vitro experiments with chloroplasts and reductase enzymes.

Main Results:

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  • N2O emissions were significantly higher when nitrate (NO3-) was the nitrogen source compared to ammonium (NH4+).
  • Leaf N2O emissions correlated with nitrate assimilation activity.
  • Evidence suggests N2O is produced during nitrite (NO2-) photoassimilation within chloroplasts, not by root microorganisms.

    • Conclusions:

    • Plant nitrate assimilation, specifically nitrite photoassimilation, is a direct source of N2O.
    • This pathway represents a potentially significant, previously underestimated, global biogenic N2O source.