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Updated: Aug 13, 2026

Using a Classroom-Based Deese Roediger McDermott Paradigm to Assess the Effects of Imagery on False Memories
Published on: November 14, 2018
Strength and resistance to interference in practiced recognition: memory retrieval abilities investigated through
1Air Force Research Laboratory, Brooks Air Force Base, USA. scott.chaiken@.brooks.af.mil
Abstract:
Participants (N = 811) practiced paired-associate recognition with and without an interference manipulation and then practiced a pattern recognition skill in which patterns discriminated had features in common. Structure models of the covariances in task reaction times indicated two factors or abilities. The first was a baseline factor, hypothesized to include the ability to strengthen traces and other abilities common to all tasks. The second was a resistance-to-interference factor, or the ability to quickly retrieve associations with elements in common with nonretrieved associations. Further modeling on a subset of the sample (n = 434) showed the baseline factor to reflect a memory strength ability independent of other confounding abilities (e.g., motor, reading abilities). Both memory abilities are discussed broadly with respect to cognitive skill acquisition, controlled versus automatic processing, and activation.
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