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Markedly raised serum prostate specific antigen levels. Prostatic infarction rather than malignancy?

¹Princess Margaret Hospital, Swindon, United Kingdom.

Australian Family Physician

|July 4, 2001

Summary

Extremely elevated prostate specific antigen (PSA) and prostate acid phosphatase (PAP) levels in patients with acute urinary retention may indicate prostatic infarction and chronic prostatitis, even when malignancy is suspected.

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Area of Science:

Urology
Oncology
Pathology

Background:

Prostate specific antigen (PSA) and prostate acid phosphatase (PAP) are crucial for monitoring prostate cancer.
Elevated preoperative PSA and PAP levels can suggest malignancy, though benign prostatic conditions can also increase these markers.

Purpose of the Study:

To describe five patients presenting with acute urinary retention.
To investigate the histological findings of prostatic infarction and chronic prostatitis in these patients.

Main Methods:

Case series presentation.
Histological examination of prostate tissue.

Main Results:

Five patients presented with acute urinary retention.
Histology revealed prostatic infarction and chronic prostatitis in all cases.
Patients exhibited extremely elevated PSA and PAP levels.

Conclusions:

The combination of prostatic infarction and chronic prostatitis likely explains the markedly elevated PSA and PAP levels.
These findings suggest that prostatic infarction should be considered in cases of unexplained extremely high PSA/PAP levels.