Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 1, 2026
04:54
Solvent Bonding for Fabrication of PMMA and COP Microfluidic Devices
Published on: January 17, 2017
Metalworking fluid exposures in small machine shops: an overview
G M Piacitelli1, W K Sieber, D M O'Brien
1National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA.
AIHAJ : a Journal for the Science of Occupational and Environmental Health and Safety
|July 4, 2001
Summary
Airborne metalworking fluid (MWF) exposures in small machine shops frequently exceeded recommended limits, posing health risks similar to those in larger automotive plants. Many workers experienced exposures higher than occupational safety guidelines.
Area of Science:
- Occupational Health
- Industrial Hygiene
- Environmental Science
Background:
- Metalworking fluids (MWFs) are essential in machining but pose inhalation risks.
- Previous studies focused on large automotive plants, leaving data on small shops limited.
- Occupational exposure limits (OELs) exist but require monitoring in diverse work environments.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess airborne MWF exposures in small machine shops.
- To compare these exposures with established OELs.
- To characterize MWF aerosol particle size and composition.
Main Methods:
- Personal air sampling in 79 small machine shops.
- Analysis of total and thoracic particulate matter.
- Comparison with National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) and Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) recommended exposure limits (RELs).
- Particle size distribution analysis using personal impactors.
Main Results:
- 62% of 942 total particulate samples exceeded the 0.50 mg/m3 REL.
- At least one sample exceeded the REL in 61 of 79 facilities.
- Workers exposed to straight fluids had the highest exposures (GM=0.67 mg/m3).
- Average mass median aerodynamic diameter of MWF aerosols was 5.3 microm.
Conclusions:
- Airborne MWF exposures in small machine shops are a significant concern.
- Many workers are exposed to levels exceeding OELs.
- Health risks in small shops may mirror those in the automotive industry.
