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Related Experiment Videos

Visual cortex excitability in migraine with and without aura.

W M Mulleners1, E P Chronicle, J E Palmer

  • 1Departments of Neurology, Atrium Medical Center, Heerlen, The Netherlands.

Headache
|July 5, 2001
PubMed
Summary

Migraine patients, with or without aura, exhibit lower magnetophosphene thresholds, indicating hyperexcitable occipital cortex during interictal periods. This finding holds true regardless of the time to the next migraine attack.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neurology
  • Migraine Research

Background:

  • Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) studies on visual phosphene generation in migraine have yielded inconsistent results.
  • Previous research has not systematically investigated cortical excitability in migraine without aura.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare magnetophosphene thresholds in individuals with migraine with aura, migraine without aura, and headache-free controls.
  • To investigate potential differences in occipital cortical excitability between migraine subtypes and healthy individuals.

Main Methods:

  • A standardized TMS protocol was applied to the occipital cortex of 16 subjects with migraine with aura, 12 with migraine without aura, and 16 matched controls.
  • Magnetophosphene thresholds were determined using a method of alternating course and fine-tuning of stimulator output.

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Main Results:

  • No significant differences were observed in the proportion of subjects perceiving phosphenes across the groups.
  • The mean threshold for phosphene perception was significantly lower in both migraine groups (47% for migraine with aura, 46% for migraine without aura) compared to controls (66%).
  • No significant correlation was found between individual phosphene thresholds and the time interval to the nearest migraine attack.

Conclusions:

  • The study confirms hyperexcitability of the occipital cortex in the interictal period for both migraine with aura and migraine without aura.
  • These findings suggest a common underlying neurophysiological mechanism of cortical hyperexcitability in different migraine types.