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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 19, 2026

Visualization of Vascular Ca2+ Signaling Triggered by Paracrine Derived ROS

Visualization of Vascular Ca²⁺ Signaling Triggered by Paracrine Derived ROS

Published on: December 21, 2011

Signals transduced by Ca(2+)/calcineurin and NFATc3/c4 pattern the developing vasculature.

I A Graef¹, F Chen, L Chen

¹Department of Developmental Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.

|July 6, 2001

Summary

Early calcineurin/NFAT signaling is crucial for vascular development. Disrupting these pathways causes severe vessel defects, highlighting their role in tissue communication during embryogenesis.

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Live Imaging of Early Cardiac Progenitors in the Mouse Embryo

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Published on: July 12, 2022

Area of Science:

Developmental Biology
Molecular Biology
Genetics

Background:

Vascular development depends on intercellular signaling, but intracellular pathways remain unclear.
Nuclear Factor of Activated T-cells (NFAT) proteins are key regulators of cellular responses.
Calcineurin is a phosphatase that regulates NFAT nuclear localization.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the role of calcineurin/NFAT signaling in embryonic vascular development.
To determine the specific timing and necessity of calcineurin function in this process.

Main Methods:

Generation and analysis of mice with disrupted NFATc3/NFATc4 genes.
Creation and study of mice with a mutation in the calcineurin B gene affecting phosphatase activity.
Examination of vascular morphology and development at embryonic stages.

Main Results:

Mice lacking NFATc3 and NFATc4 exhibited severe vascular assembly defects and abnormal vessel growth.
Mice with a calcineurin B mutation showed similar vascular abnormalities, indicating calcineurin's essential role.
Calcineurin function was specifically required during a narrow window between embryonic days 7.5 and 8.5.

Conclusions:

Early calcineurin/NFAT signaling is indispensable for proper vascular patterning.
This signaling pathway initiates critical crosstalk between vessels and surrounding tissues.
Defects in this early signaling lead to widespread vascular developmental failures.